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Can an HOA ban solar panels in Arizona?

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No — an HOA cannot ban solar panels in Arizona. An association is prohibited, regardless of anything in the community documents, from banning the installation or use of a solar energy device as defined in A.R.S. § 44-1761 [1]. Likewise, any covenant, restriction, or condition in a deed, contract, security agreement, or other instrument affecting real property that effectively prohibits the installation or use of a solar energy device is void and unenforceable [2]. That said, an association may adopt reasonable rules about the placement of a solar energy device, so long as those rules do not prevent the installation, impair the device's functioning, restrict its use, or adversely affect its cost or efficiency [1]. If an HOA violates this prohibition and a member sues, the court must award reasonable attorney fees and costs to any party who substantially prevails in an action against the association's board of directors [1].

Sources

[1]A.R.S. § 33-1816 — Solar energy devices; reasonable restrictions; fees and costs
[2]A.R.S. § 33-439 — Restrictions on installation or use of solar energy devices invalid; exception

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